Course Description:
Explore theories which underlie service learning and community service and examine exemplary practices and procedures which are appropriate for the Singapore American School

Course Goals:
1. To prepare teachers in community service and service learning methodology and their underlying theories;

2. To develop plans for expanding and enhancing community service and service learning activities in the Singapore American School

Course Objectives:
Each student will:

1. Compare and contrast the similarities, differences, benefits and problems related to implementation between community service and service learning.
2. Demonstrate and understandiu of the underlying principles, theories and rationale behind service learning and community service.
3. Rate their school's Service Learning program and identify key strengths and weaknesses.
3. Demonstrate the ability to use service learning methodology in various classroom situations.
4. Plan and participate in a service learning experience.
5. Evaluate the service learning experience.
6. Develop site specific plans for expanding and enhancing community service and or service learning which are specific to their school and community.

Textbooks:
Winecoff and Buford (1998). Service Learning Guide for International Schools. CEESA. (12 pgs).
Winecoff and Buford (1998). Service Learning Resource Book. CEESA. (151 pgs.)
Community Education Journal, Vol. XXV, Nos. 1/2, Fall '97-Winter'98 (a double edition devoted to Service Learning research and theory).
Readings (including) Internet search as assigned from the "Resources"

Assignments:

Part I – Direct Instruction

1. Actively participate in all class sessions.
2. Read all required materials and:
- Write a summary of current research on Service Learning,
- Write and analysis of the Service Learning Resource Book.
3. Conduct and present a gap analysis between what is and what should be in community service and service learning.
4. Design a series of instructional lessons for integrating Service Learning in a specific content area.

Part II- Video Instruction

5. View all eight videos and write a short critique of each.
6. Complete all eight essay questions (one for each video).
7. Write an implementation paper describing how to integrate Service Learning into courses regularly taught.

Part III – Service Learning Practicum

8. Plan, participate in and evaluate a series of service learning experiences totaling 30 hours.
9. Keep a daily journal of your experiences.
I 0.Write a research paper related to your experience (8 – 10 pages). The research paper should focus on the problem area in which you did your service. Present evidence of having conducted an internet search.
11. Write a two reflection papers based on your experiences (one after 15 hours, one at the end of 30 hours). Paper should cover:
- What did you learn,
- Of what benefit was the experience to you,
- What knowledge would my students need in order to have an effective experience,
- How could this experience benefit my students,
- What specific preparation would my students need before implementing the service activity.

Part IV Culminating Paper

1. Develop a plan for enhancing service learning at the Singapore American School

The plan should contain:
A comparison of existing community service activities with an ideal situation.
Specific recommendations necessary for closing the gap between what is and what should be.
Sample forms and materials necessary for a well grounded program
Sample lesson plans in a content area which incorporate service into the academic program.
Samples of forms and materials needed to support the program.

VI. Grading

Part I
Class discussions 10%
Gap analysis 10%
Lesson plans 10%
Part 11 – 30% 40%
Video critiques 10%
Essay questions 10%
Implementation paper 10%
Part III – 30%
Journal 10%
Research paper 10%
Reflection paper #1 5%
Reflection paper # 2 5%
Part IV- Implementation plan 10% 20% 20%
100% 100% 100%

VII. Course Structure

This course will be divided into four parts
Part I will consist of direct classroom instruction for a total of 15 contact hours.
Part II will consist of eight video tapes with specific readings and assignments for each tape (a regular video-based course normally consists of 20 – 25 tapes, a book of readings and a set of student assignments). Eight videos represent 113 of a distance education course. This segment will be the equivalent of 15 contact hours.
Part III will consist of a 30 hour practicum and related research and assignments. This segment will be the equivalent of 15 contact hours (practicum time calculated at 23 field hours per contact hour with supporting internet-based research paper and assignments).
Part IV will consist of a final culminating paper written by each student.

Service Learning Resources
Books

Agencies + schools = service leaming: A training toolbox. (1997). Points of Light Foundation Publishers.
Benson, P. L., & Roehlkepartain, E. C. (1993). Beyond lea raking. Abingdon rf Press Publishers.
Boyer, E. L. (1987). Foreword in Charles Harrison, Student Service: The new Carnegie unit. Lawrenceville, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Conrad, D., & Hedin, D. (1987). Youth service: Guidebookfor developing and operating effective programs. Washington, DC: Independent Sector.
Fertian, C. (1994). Service learningfor all students. Bloo gton, IN: Phi Delta Kappa Educational Foundation.
Firman, J. R (1983). Opportunities for aging: Strategiesfor service learning. Washington, DC: National Council on Aging.
Follman, J. (1994). Learning by serving: 2000 ideas for service learning projects. Washington, DC: SERVE-0ERI.
Gulati-Partee, G., & Finger, W.R. (1996). Critical issues in K-12 service leaming: Case studies and reflections. Raleigh, NC: National Society for Experiential Education.
How to establish a high school service learning program. (1994). Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
Kendall, J. C. (1990). Combining service and learning: A resource book for community and public service. Raleigh, NC: National Society for Internships and Experiential Education.
Kinsley, C. W., & McPherson, K. (1995). Enriching the curriculum through service learning. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curricuhim Development.
Maryland Student Service Alliance. (1989a). Courage to care, the strength to serve: Reflections on community service. Annapolis, NM: CZM Press.
NASSP Bulletin. (October 1997). National Association of Secondary School Principals.
National Center for Service Learning in Early Adolescence. (199 1). Connections: Service learning in the middle grades. NY: Author.
National Society for the Study of Education. (1997). Service learning. University of Chicago Press.
OERI. (1996). Community servicelservice learning: An implementor's guide and resource manual. Was gton, DC: US Justice Department of Education.
Parsons, C. (1996). Serving to learn, learning to serve: Civics and servicefrom, A to Z Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press.
Roehlkepartain, E. C. (1990). A practical guide for developing agency-schoolpartnerships for service learning. Points of Light Foundation Publishers.
Roehlkepartain, E. C. (1995). Everyone wins when youth serve. Points of Light Foundation. Publishers.
Rolski, C. A. (1990). The adventure ofadolescence: Middle school students and community service. Washincyton, DC: Youth Service America.
Sc e, J. G. (1982). Youth participationfor early adolescents: Learning and serving in the community. Bloo on, IN: Phi Delta Kappa.
South Carolina Department of Education. (1994). Serving to learn: Adult education; Serving to learn: high school; Serving to learn: Kindergarten through eighth grade. Columbia, SC: South Carolina Department of Education.
Stephens, L. S. (1995). The complete guide to learning through community service. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Wade, R. (1997). Community service learning: A guide to including service in the public school curriculum. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Watkins, J., & Wilkes, D. (1993). Promising service learning programs. Greensboro, NC: Southeastern Regional Vision for Education (SERVE).
Willits-Carin, R., & Kielsmeier, J. (1991). Growing Hope. Mineapolis, MN: National Youth Leadership Council.

Articles

Batchelder, T. H., & Root, S. (1994). Effects of an undergraduate program to integrate academic learning and service: Cognitive, prosocial cogmtive and identity outcomes. Journal ofAdolescence, 17, 341-355.
Brill, C. L. (1994). Effects of participation in service learning on adolescents with disabilities. Journal ofAdolescence, 17, 369-380.
Bringle, R. G., & Kremer, J. F. (1993). Evaluation of an intergenerational service learning project for undergraduates. Educational Gerontology, 19 (5), 407-416.
Community Education Journal. (1997, Winter). Issues devoted to service learning – articles by Harris Wofford and Marilyn Smith. Case studies from Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, South Carolina, Kentucky and Utah. Issues: research and theory.
Conrad, D., & Hedin, D. (1978). Are experiential learning programs effective? NASSP Bulletin, 62 (421), 102-107.
Conrad, D., & Hedin, D. (1991). School-based con mnity service: What we know from research and theory. Phi Delta Ka an, 72 (10), 743-749.
Dean, L., & Murdock, S. W. (1992). Effect of voluntary service on adolescent attitudes toward learning. Journal of Volunteer Administration, pp. 5-6.
Firman, J. (1983). Intergenerational service learning: Contributions to curricula. Educational Gerontology, 9 (5), 405-415.
Gatman, B. (1995). Civic education through service learning. Social Studiesl Social Science Education.
Hedin, D. (1983). Impact of experience on academic leammg: A summary of theories and review of recent research. Institute for Responsive Education.
Kappan. (1991, June). Issue devoted to service le ng – case studies from Vermont, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Native America, and Washington. Issues: school reform, research and theory.
Kinsley, C. W. (1990). Creating new structures-co aunity service learning. Community Education Journal, 2-4.
Lam, J. A. (1988). Impact of conflict resolution programs on schools: A review and synthesis of the evidence. National Associationfor Mediation in Education.
Luce, J. (1988). Combining service and learning: A resource book for community and public service. National Societyfor Experiential Education Campus Compact,
Markus, G. B. (1993). Integrating community service and classroom instruction enhances learning: Results from an experiment. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 15 (4), 410-419.
McPherson, K., & Negben, M. K (1990). Enriching leaming through service: A tale of three districts. Educational Leadership, 90-92.
McPherson, K., & Negben, M. (199 1). Connections: Co aunity service and school reform recommendations. Education and Urban Society, 23 (3), 326334.
Moore, D. T. (198 1). Discovering the pedagogy of experience. Harvard Educational Review, 51 (2), 286-300.
Nettles, S. M. (199 1). Community involvement and disadvantaged students: A review. Review of Educational Research, 61 (3), 379-406.
Popowski, K. J. (1985). Youth views on volunteering and service learning from the Chicago area. Joumal of Volunteer Administration, 34-41.
Richardson, M. J., & Sanderson, B. (1990). Youth service: Renewing'habits of the heart'. Community Educational Joumal, 5-8.
Serow, R. C. (1990). Volunteering and values: An analysis of students' participation in community service. Joumal ofResearch and Development in Education, 23 (4), 198-203.
Serow, R. C. (199 1). Students and volunteerism: Looking into the motives of community service participants. American Educational Research Journal, 28 (3), 543-556.

Dissertations

Carolina and their responsiveness to the national priorities. Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
Conrad, D. E. (1980). Differential impact of experiential leamingprograms on secondary school students. Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
High school students'experience in community service. Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
Kelly, H. J. (1973). Effect of the helping experience upon the self concept of the helper. Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
Luchs, K. P, (198 1). Selected changes in urban high school students after parti 6pation in community-based leaming and service activities. Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
Patterson, E. W. (1987). Effects of participation in required and not required community service programs on the process ofselfactualization in high school students. Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
Payne, C. A. (1992). Construction of an instrument to assess the service learning model: Establishing concurrent validity and internal reliability. Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
Proctor, D. R. (1992). School-based community service: A descriptive analysis offour high school programs. Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
Schollenberger, J. W. (1985). Opportunities for higher levels of thinking as they occur in service learning. Unpublished doctoral dissertation.
Smith, M. W. (1993). Assessment of intended outcomes andperceived effects of community service learning participation for college students: Striking a -chord in the key of C. Unpublished doctoral dissertation.

Thesis

Addison, J. J. (1993). Integrating service leaming experiences into the social studies curriculum for middle school students. Unpublished master's thesis.

Monographs
Belbas, B., & Shumer, R. (1994). Frequently cited sources in service learning. National Service Learning Cooperative Clearinghouse.
Council of Chief State School Officers. (1993). Service learning annotated bibliography.
Energy conservation: A service leaming resource package. (1988). National Center for Service Learning, Washington, DC.
Gorak, K. S., & Huang, G. (1993). Exemplary practices in service learning at an open school in an urban setting. St. Paul Department of Vocational, University of Minnesota.
H ton, S. F., & Fenzel, L. M. (1987). Effect of volunteer experience on early adolescents'social development.
Harrington, D., & Sc e, J. (1989). Connections: Service leaming in the middle grades. A survey conducted by the early adolescent helper program. City University of New York Center for Advanced Study in Education.
Harrison, C. H. (1987). Student service. The new Camegie unit. Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching Service learning for the Regional Information Center, School of Education, University of Massachusetts at Amherst. National Service Learning Cooperative Eastern Regional Info Center.
Lankand, B. A. (1995). Service learning. Columbus, OH: College of Education, Ohio State University, ERIC Clearinghouse on Adult, Career and Vocational Education.
Maland, J., & Berkas, T. H. (1993). Excellence in action: The community service learning program. St. Paul Department of Vocational, University of NIinnesota.
Newmann, F. M., & Rutter, R. A. (1983). Effects of high school communityservice programs on students'social development. Final report.
Sherraden, M. (1992). Community-based youth services in international perspective. Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development, William T. Grant Foundation.
Shumer, R., & Murphy, N. (1993). Describing service learning: A delphi study.
Shumer, R. (1994). Reportfirom the field: Teachers talk about service learning. Center for Experiential Education and Service Learning, University of Minnesota.
Vue-Benson, R., & Shumer, R. (1994). Topic bibliography: Service learning connections to resiliency and at-risk youth. National Service Learning Cooperative Clearinghouse.
Vue-Benson, R., & Shumer, R. (1995). English language arts and service topic bibliography. National Service Leaming Cooperative Clearinghouse.

Web
National Service Learning (K-12) Clearinghouse (www.nicsl.coled.umn.edu/)
Quest International (www.quest.edu/)
Service Learning Archives (http://Csf.Colorado.EDU/sl/)
U.S. Corporation for National Service (http://www.cns.gov/)
VISTA Web (http://libertynet.org/-zelson/vweb.html)
Who Cares (http://www.whocares.org/)

Videos

Action News 17. A Look at Service Learning. Oregon Department of Educa'tion, Public Service Building, 255 Capitol Street, NE, Salem, OR 973100203.
All the Difference: Youth Service in Minnesota. (1988). National Youth Leadership, Council, 19 10 W. County Road B, St. Paul, MN 55113
The Courage to Care. . . The Strength to Serve. (1994). Maryland StudentService Alliance, 200 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201-2427.
Everybody's Business 2: Building Bridges. (1995). College of Education, University of California Riverside, 1207 Sproul Hall, Riverside, CA 92521.
Hearts & Minds Engage& Teaching Law-Related Education through Service Leaming. University of Puget Sound School of Law, Institute for Citizen Education in the Law, 950 Broadway Plaza, Tacoma, WA 9840270.
Hearts United to Serve & Leam. (1995). West Virginia Service Learnina, Institute, University of Charleston, 2300 McCorkle Avenue SE, Charleston, VVrV 25304.
Kansas Service Leaming Video–12194. Kansas Office for Con aunity Service, PO Box 889, Topeka, KS 66601.
PhilaDEAFia. (1993). Institute for Service Learning, 64 Lernpa Road, Holland, PA 18966.
Route to Refonn: Service Leaming and School Improvement. (1994). National Youth Leadership Council, 19 10 W. County Road B, St. Paul, MN 55113.
School Connection to the Real World: Service Leaming. Institute for Service Learning, 64 Lempa Road, Holland, PA 18966.
Service Leaming: Building the Case. National Youth Leadership Council, 19 10 W. County Road B, St. Paul, MN 55113.
Service Leaming: Helping Everyone Reach Out Through Schools. (1995). Damascus Middle School, 14151 SE 242nd Avenue, Boring, OR 97009.
Service Leaming Introduction. (1994). MI K- 12 Service Learning Center, Outreach Programs, College of Education, Michigan State University, 253 Erickson Hall, East Lansing, I~U 48824-1034.
Service Leaming in Student Teaching. (1994). Iowa Service Learning Partnership, Lindquist Center N29 1, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242.
Service Learning: Transforming Education. (1995). Linking San Francisco, c/o Alvarado Elementary School, 625 Douglas Street, Room 24, San Francisco, CA 94114.
Serving to Learn. Office of Community Education, South Carolina Department of Education, Rutledge Building, Columbia, SC 29201.
Talking Out About Drugs (TOADS). (1994). NU K-12 Service Learning Center,
Outreach Program , College of Education, ~4ichigan State University, 253 Erickson Hall, East Lansing, NU 48824-1034.
The JFK Library Corps: We Can Make a Difference! (1994). John F. Kennedy Library Foundation, Columbia Point, Boston, MA 02125.